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Abstract: This paper focuses on the locations, causes, and improvement measures of cracks that are prone to occur in the pump body of multi-stage pumps during sand casting. Starting from the structure of the multi-stage pump body and combining with the key processes of sand casting, a systematic analysis is conducted. The study indicates that the flange connection area of the multi-stage pump body, the root of the blades, and the areas with sudden changes in wall thickness are the high-risk points for cracks. The main reasons are structural stress concentration, improper casting process control, and the characteristics of stainless steel material. The main text deeply explores the influence mechanism of each process on casting defects (such as cracks), and proposes targeted optimization solutions, including improving the structural design, enhancing the strength of the sand mold, and controlling the pouring parameters. The full text emphasizes reducing the occurrence rate of cracks in the casting pump body through refined operation management and improving the reliability and production efficiency of the stainless steel multi-stage pump body.

Abstract: This paper systematically analyzes the causes, common processes and locations of sand hole defects in the sand casting process of BB3 type multistage pump bodies in cast steel parts, and proposes targeted solutions. Through literature review and case analysis, it was found that the defects of sand holes mainly result from insufficient strength of the molding sand, design flaws of the gating system and improper operation, and are prone to occur in the molding, core setting, closing and pouring processes. The specific locations include gates, risers, thick parts of castings and inner cavities. By optimizing the proportion of molding sand, improving the design of the gating system and strengthening process control, the occurrence rate of sand holes can be effectively reduced and the quality of castings can be improved.