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On October 26th, the 17th Asian Foundry Conference and the 2025 China Foundry Week, themed "Green Foundry, Innovative Asia," opened at the Xi'an International Convention and Exhibition Center. On the first day of the conference, six technical forums were launched, the international foundry exhibition gained increasing popularity, and the atmosphere for professional exchange and business negotiations became increasingly vibrant.

As a core flow component in fluid machinery, guide vanes are extensively used in critical equipment such as water turbines, pumps, and compressors. Their performance directly impacts the efficiency, stability, and service life of the entire system. These components must withstand complex hydrodynamic loads, material corrosion, and temperature fluctuations, requiring stringent specifications for material properties, structural precision, and surface quality. Casting serves as the primary manufacturing method for guide vanes, involving multiple critical processes including material selection, mold design, melting and casting, heat treatment, and quality inspection. The quality of the casting process directly determines the final product's performance. This article will delve into the technical aspects, process optimization, and quality control of cast guide vanes.

Abstract: This paper systematically analyzes the causes, common processes and locations of sand hole defects in the sand casting process of BB3 type multistage pump bodies in cast steel parts, and proposes targeted solutions. Through literature review and case analysis, it was found that the defects of sand holes mainly result from insufficient strength of the molding sand, design flaws of the gating system and improper operation, and are prone to occur in the molding, core setting, closing and pouring processes. The specific locations include gates, risers, thick parts of castings and inner cavities. By optimizing the proportion of molding sand, improving the design of the gating system and strengthening process control, the occurrence rate of sand holes can be effectively reduced and the quality of castings can be improved.

Recently, Dalian Jiachuang Metal Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (hereinafter "Jiachuang Metal") has made a critical breakthrough in sand casting of steel casting impellers—the core of OH pumps—via independently developed patents.

In sand casting, shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity are the most common internal defects in castings. Shrinkage cavities typically manifest as irregular large cavities in thick areas or heat center zones of the casting, characterized by rough walls and dendritic crystals. Shrinkage porosity appears as fine dispersed pore clusters, predominantly occurring along casting axes or at thickness junctions. These defects severely compromise mechanical properties and airtightness, potentially leading to cracks and premature failure. As core processes in the casting workflow, mold design and core-making operations play a decisive role in preventing shrinkage porosity and cavities. This article systematically outlines effective measures to reduce their occurrence rates by focusing on critical aspects of mold-making procedures.

Castings, as an important component of modern manufacturing, are widely used in multiple fields such as automobiles, aerospace, construction, and machinery. It is not merely a process of transforming metals or other materials into specific shapes, but also a complex technology that integrates art and science. This article will delve deeply into the definition, process flow, application fields and future development trends of castings.

According to customs data, from January to October 2024, the total import and export volume of 20 HS codes of castings in my country was 5.172 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 12.31%, and the total import and export value was 157.5 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 6.92%; among them, exports accounted for the main part, with an export volume of 5.066 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 12.39%, and a total export value of US$14.19 billion, a year-on-year increase of 5.78%; the import volume was 106,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 8.72%, and the total import value was US$1.56 billion, a year-on-year increase of 18.62%.

Dalian Jiachuang Metal Manufacturing Co., Ltd. relies on strong technical strength and advanced production equipment, focusing on the casting and machining of fluid machinery parts (such as pumps, valves, blowers, compressors, steam turbines, propellers, etc.), and can provide comprehensive OEM customization services to global customers.